96 laugh,laughter
这两个词都表示“笑”的意思,但涵义和使用场合有所不同。它们的区别如下:
(一)laugh可以用作动词和名词;laughter只能用作名词。
(二)用作名词时,laugh是可数名词,可以用a修饰,也可以有复数形式;laughter是不可数名词,不能用a修饰,也没有复数形式。
(三)laugh是通过转词法(conversion)由动词to laugh转变而来;laughter是通过词缀法(affixation)由动词to laugh派生而来。
(四)laugh的词义比较具体,指某一次或某一个具体的行动;laughter的词义比较一般,通常只表达抽象的概念。
下面先看两个laugh的例句:
He laughed a loud laugh.
他大笑一声。
We laughed at the enemies for their timidity and incapacity.
我们嘲笑敌人的胆怯和无能。
They have had a good many laughs over his foolishness.
他们曾多次嘲笑他愚蠢。
下面是 laughter的例句:
His jokes sent everybody roaring with laughter.
他的笑话使每个人捧腹大笑。
As they listened to my story,they gave a laugh from time to time;
I don't know how my story caused so much laugh作动词,相当于lend,如:
The library loans out many books a day.
I lent him my tuxedo.(英式英语)
I loaned him my dinner coat.(美式英语)
注:tuxedo等于dinner coat。前者是British English;后者是 American English。
Loan 除了“出借”之意外,尚可表示“公债”、“借款”等义。如:public loan是“公债”,foreign loan 是“外债”。