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相似英语词汇辨析(33)by oneself,for oneself

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时间:2014-06-19 19:33来源:未知 作者:admin 点击:
by oneself,for oneself,in oneself,of oneself 这四个词组的意义有所不同。 By oneself的意思是单独地、靠自己地( alone or independently)。例: His father lives by himself in the village. 他的父亲独自一
  •   by oneself,for oneself,in oneself,of oneself
      这四个词组的意义有所不同。
      By oneself的意思是“单独地”、“靠自己地”( alone or independently)。例:
      His father lives by himself in the village.
      他的父亲独自一个人住在村里。
      All his friends have deserted him and he is all by himself now.
      他所有的朋友都离弃他,现在他孤独一人。
      For oneself的意义为“为自己”(for himself or for herself)。例:
      One should not live only for oneself.
      人不应单为自己而活。
      In oneself的意思是“就其本身或本性而言”。例:
      This wood is hard in itself.
      这种木头本要就是硬的。
      Of oneself的意思是“自然地”、“自发地”、“自动地”(of one's own accord)。例:
      Every day I awake of myself at half past five.
      每天早上我都是五点半就自己醒来。
      The door opened of itself.
      门是自己开的。
      The fire went out of itself.
      火自己熄灭了。
      与上列四个短语相类似的还有两个词组,即beside oneself和 to oneself,前者义:“失常”、“发狂”;后者是“独自占有或享用”。例:
      He was beside himself with joy.
      他欣喜若狂。
      When one dines in a restaurant,one likes a table to oneself.
      人们在饭店吃饭时,总是喜欢独占一桌。
      Oneself和 one's self的区别也是值得我们注意的。Oneself是反身强调代词,意指自己;one's self则是代词加名词,意指个人的本性。它们的区别如同myself和my self;yourself和your self ;himself和his self;ourselves 和our selves ;themselves和their selves一样。例:
      She made a cup of tea for herself.
      她为自己烧了一杯茶。
      She looked just like her old self.
      她看上去和从前依然一模一样。
      请注意,myself可以在句中表示me的涵义,这是其他反身代词所没有的特性。例:
      They invited my father and myself(=me)to their party.
      他们邀请我父亲和我参加他们的聚会。
      He saw neither myself nor Mary in the street.
      在马路上他既没有看见我,也没有看见玛丽。

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