纯助动词和半助动词的使用

时间:2020-05-08 17:15:54

(单词翻译:单击)

  纯助动词和半助动词的使用
  纯助动词的概念:只帮助句子构成各种时态、各种语态、提问或否定的诃叫做纯助动词。纯助动词没有实际词义,相当于汉语中的虚词,只起助词的作用。半助动词的概念:兼有动词和助动词的双重特征的动词叫半助动词。
  纯助动词
  纯助动词的概念:只帮助句子构成各种时态、各种语态、提问或否定的诃叫做纯助动词。纯助动词没有实际词义,相当于汉语中的虚词,只起助词的作用。纯助动词有:do,does,did,have,has,had,will,shall,be等。例如:
  Is she waiting for you outside the door?
  她在门外等你吗?(助动词Is帮助构成进行时态)
  Does he often come to see you?
  他经常来看你吗?(助动词Does帮助构成一般疑问句)
  The old man wasn't seen entering the room.
  没有看见这位老人进到房间来。(助动词was帮助构成否定句)
  Don’t you see I’m talking with a guest?
  难道你没看见我正在同客人讲话吗?(助动词Don’t帮助构成疑问句)
  We haven’t seen each other for ages.
  我们彼此好长时间未见面了。(助动词have帮助构成现在完成时态)
  半助动词
  半助动词的概念:兼有动词和助动词的双重特征的动词叫半助动词。半助动词有三种形式:(1)以be为中心构成的短语。如:be able to,be about to,be apt to,be due to等;(2)以have为中心构成的短语。如:have to,have got to等;(3)以seem为中心构成的短语以及appear to,happen to等。如:seem to,It…that等。例如:
  He seems to support you.
  他似乎要支持你。
  He is apt to suffer from a cold.
  他易患感冒。
  I have to help you because I’m your best friend.
  我得帮助你,因为你是我最好的朋友。
  It happened that 1 was there then.
  =I happened to be there then.
  碰巧当时我在那里。
  It is likely that he will win the game.
  =He is likely to win the game.
  很可能他会赢得这场比赛。
  It appears that she has married Tom.
  =She appears to have married Tom.
  她好像同汤姆结婚了。

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