GRE写作必背单词和短语（9）

　　41. take precedence over … 居先于…;优先于…

　　e.g. This interest might take precedence over the historic value of an old

　　structure that stands in the way of a parking structure.
 

　　42. strike a balance among competing interest
 

　　43. serve as a substitute for …取代…

　　be superceded by 代替；取代

　　e.g. Pragmatic behavior guarantees survival, whereas idealistic views tend

　　to be superceded by simpler, more immediate options.

 

　　44. 源自于：

　　emerge from … （in every age and culture some worthwhile art and

　　literature emerges from the mediocrity.）

　　stemfrom… （prevailing attitudes about sexual morality stemfrom the

　　ideas of key religious leaders）

　　spring from… (this desire to identify oneself with an exclusive social

　　group seems to spring from some innate psychological need to define

　　one's self through one's personal associations.)
 

　　45. 坏影响；负面影响：

　　detrimental effects of … （In politics, the detrimental effects of

　　competition are blatant.）

　　negative/adverse effects on/to …

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