相似英语词汇辨析(96)laugh,laughter

时间:2014-08-05 21:30:33

(单词翻译:单击)

  96 laugh,laughter
  这两个词都表示“笑”的意思,但涵义和使用场合有所不同。它们的区别如下:
  (一)laugh可以用作动词和名词;laughter只能用作名词。
  (二)用作名词时,laugh是可数名词,可以用a修饰,也可以有复数形式;laughter是不可数名词,不能用a修饰,也没有复数形式。
  (三)laugh是通过转词法(conversion)由动词to laugh转变而来;laughter是通过词缀法(affixation)由动词to laugh派生而来。
  (四)laugh的词义比较具体,指某一次或某一个具体的行动;laughter的词义比较一般,通常只表达抽象的概念。
  下面先看两个laugh的例句:
  He laughed a loud laugh.
  他大笑一声。
  We laughed at the enemies for their timidity and incapacity.
  我们嘲笑敌人的胆怯和无能。
  They have had a good many laughs over his foolishness.
  他们曾多次嘲笑他愚蠢。
  下面是 laughter的例句:
  His jokes sent everybody roaring with laughter.
  他的笑话使每个人捧腹大笑。
  As they listened to my story,they gave a laugh from time to time;
  I don't know how my story caused so much laugh作动词,相当于lend,如:
  The library loans out many books a day.
  I lent him my tuxedo.(英式英语)
  I loaned him my dinner coat.(美式英语)
  注:tuxedo等于dinner coat。前者是British English;后者是 American English。
  Loan 除了“出借”之意外,尚可表示“公债”、“借款”等义。如:public loan是“公债”,foreign loan 是“外债”。

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